INTERNATIONAL The man known to history as Lenin was born, Vladimir Ilich Ulianov in 1870 in the Russian city of SIMBIRSK. Expelled from Kazan University in 1887 for student radicalism, Lenin passed Law examination in 1891. Drawn to revolutionary thought, Lenin joined a Marxist group in the then Russian capital of St. Petersburg in the early 1890s and was arrested and exiled to Siberia. Leaving Russia early in the new century, Lenin became a coeditor of Marxist Russian journal Iskra contributing his work What Is to Be Done? In 1902. In 1903 the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party was split and Lenin became the leader of the "Bolsheviks." Lenin had to move from one country to another as a political exile. He had to work underground for many years. He led the Great October Socialist Revolution in 1917 and in the next seven years devoted all his time in building the base of a socialist state in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). Lenin made significant contributions to Marxist thought in the conditions presented by imperialism. Joseph Stalin described Lenin's contribution as Marxism in the age of imperialism. He defined the role of ideology and the party. He elaborated the principal of democratic centralism. He explained the nature and significance of national liberation movements. He wrote quite a number of books. The theories conceived and elaborated by Marx, Engels and Lenin are, as a whole, known as Marxism-Leninism. |
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